Petteri (Lice) week before,week after and 1 month after CCSVI operation . Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) is a condition discovered by Dr Paolo Zamboni from the University of Ferrera in Italy. It refers to a reduction of flow of blood from the brain to the heart due to the narrowing of various veins along the spinal chord from the head down to the upper chest. It is believed that this condition is what causes build-ups of iron to form in the brain. Eventually, these would then cause the development of the lesions and MS symptoms. How is it diagnosed? Although perhaps not the only possible method for detecting the condition Dr Zamboni and his team used combined technique of high resolution echo-colour-Doppler (ECD) and transcranial colour coded Doppler sonography (TCCS). Combined they are referred to as an ECD-TCCS Which according to his paper this test is non-invasive, repeatable and cost effective. Most importantly it is effective for investigating the outflow of blood from the brain. Unfortunately, right now there isn’t a standard method of performing this test. Because of this information being highly specialized there are only a few locations that are capable of performing it. An outline of what Dr Zamboni and his team performed is available in his research paper: Doppler haemodynamics of cerebral venous return. However, the full text off this paper is currently only viewable by the research and medical community. How is it treated? Precise details …